In 1906, the Tsarist political repressions forced him to retire to France, where he studied art and political economy at the University of Paris. His first story was published in 1903 under the penname of Javakhishvili, followed by a series of journalistic articles critical of the Russian authorities. Returning to Georgia in 1901, he worked at a copper smeltery in Kakheti. He enrolled into the Yalta College of Horticulture and Viticulture, but a family tragedy forced him to abandon his studies: robbers killed his mother and sister, and his father died shortly thereafter. Mikheil was also wearing this name in his youth but later he returned the family name of ancestors-Javakhishvili. His son Saba was registered as Adamashvili. Mikheil's grandfather Adam returned in Kartli. According to him, his grandparent, born as Javakhishvili (noble family from the province Kartli) killed a man, therefore had to flee to Kakheti where he took a new name Toklikishvili. The mishmash with his real family name was later explained by writer himself. He was born as Mikheil Adamashvili in the village of Tserakvi in what is now the Kvemo Kartli region, Georgia (then part of Russian Empire). In modern Georgian prose only Konstantine Gamsakhurdia could aspire to the same international level.' Early life and career

In the words of the modern British scholar of Russian and Georgian literature, Donald Rayfield, 'his vivid story-telling, straight in medias res, his buoyant humour, subtle irony, and moral courage merit comparison with those of Stendhal, Guy de Maupassant, and Émile Zola. His recalcitrance to the Soviet ideological pressure cost him life: he was executed during the Great Purge and his writings were banned for nearly twenty years.

His first story appeared in 1903, but then the writer lapsed into a long pause before returning to writing in the early 1920s. Mikheil Javakhishvili ( Georgian: მიხეილ ჯავახიშვილი birth surname: Adamashvili ადამაშვილი) (20 November 1880 – 30 September 1937) was a Georgian and Soviet novelist who is regarded as one of the top twentieth-century Georgian writers.

ჯაყოს ხიზნები by Mikheil Javakhishvili